The Japanese government is tackling the nation's long-standing issue of overworking, with a specific focus on the discretionary labor system. This system, which pays workers based on predetermined hours rather than actual overtime, has been the center of controversy due to potential misuse by employers to justify long hours. The government's proposed reforms involve a potential overhaul or stricter regulation of this system.

Overwork and suicide linked to stress is a chronic issue in Japan, infamously known as "Karoshi". The public cares deeply about work culture improvements and labor exploitation prevention. Legal matters like fair compensation, proper work-life balance implementation, and rigid labor practices are involved.

In the US and the EU, overtime laws generally have more stringent regulations. For example, the US requires employers to pay nonexempt employees at least the federal minimum wage for each hour worked, plus overtime pay for any hours exceeding 40 per week. The EU also requires overtime compensation and strictly adheres to the Working Time Directive, ensuring a maximum average workweek of 48 hours.